A Matter of Life and Death, or Did You Hear Someone Knocking

A Matter of Life and Death, or Did You Hear Someone Knocking There is not really an encounter as insignificant and as regularly as hearing somebody thumping at the entryway or a doorbell ringing. In any case, even out of such a typical thing, Metcalfe and Game figure out how to build up a convincing and fascinating idea.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on A Matter of Life and Death, or Did You Hear Someone Knocking? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In their short story, ‘A thump at the door’, the scholars figure out how to pass on a thought that changes, regardless of whether they are for better or for more awful, are an a vital part of people’s lives, which implies that being open for changes is essentially carrying on with a full life. Investigating the entry that begins with â€Å"the doorbell prompts drama’s basic question† to â€Å"was never to be completed†1, one can see that there is more in the basic depiction of decision than meets the eye. At certain p oint, it may really appear that the creators not only allude to the torments of settling on a decision, yet in addition make a major representation for life all things considered, with every one of its chances that go back and forth, and the dangers which these open doors cover. The entryway turns into a portal for an endless number of occasions and further choices to look over; the creators clarify that after the entryway is open, the individual who opened it will undoubtedly take a lot of duties that accompany another associate. â€Å"The guest could be a beggarman or a hoodlum; it could be Archangel Gabriel, the Angel of Death or an individual with uplifting news from lottery office†2. Metcalfe and Game clarify that, opening the entryway, one will give the entire palette of life access, in this way, evolving his/her own pace, which unquestionably takes guts.Advertising Looking for article on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper w ith 15% OFF Learn More likewise, Metcalfe and Game touch upon the need of isolation, referencing that, as a result of one single visit, the work on Kubla Khan was hindered to never be proceeded again. It appears that the creators are not just indicating the components of the parallel restriction rationales, but at the same time are attempting to break liberated from its domain. Obviously, they do pass on the message that there are two key alternatives, for example either facing the challenges and going where the possibility will take you, or staying there fidgeting one’s fingers and dreading the weight of duties. In any case, it appears that Metcalfe and Game do in actuality think about the third alternative, that is, the chance of waiting and reevaluating the decision. Indeed, even as the creators talk about the decision being made, they despite everything clarify that the snapshot of decision is another phase that prompts a specific self-improvement: â€Å"The entryway has become a window ornament that will open to uncover the following phase of my life†3. Accordingly, basically at whatever point hearing a thump at the entryway, it is smarter to take risks and open it. Notwithstanding the way that changes lead to the most unusual outcomes and can flip around one’s life totally, they are a greatly improved choice than carrying on with an actual existence as energizing as a timetable of trains. Appearing in a somewhat realistic manner that open door thumps, yet it doesn't ask, the writers figured out how to clarify the perusers how capricious life can be, making it evident that a decent possibility merits taking a risk.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on A Matter of Life and Death, or Did You Hear Someone Knocking? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bibliography Metcalfe, An A Game, ‘A thump at the door’ in A Metcalfe A Game (eds.), Theâ mystery of regular daily existence, Federation Press, Annandale, AU, 2002. Commentaries 1. A. Metcalfe A Game, ‘A thump at the door’ in A Metcalfe A Game (eds.), The puzzle of regular day to day existence, Federation Press, Annandale, AU, 2002, p. 65. 2. A. Metcalfe A Game, ‘A thump at the door’ in A Metcalfe A Game (eds.), The puzzle of regular day to day existence, Federation Press, Annandale, AU, 2002, p. 65. 3. A. Metcalfe A Game, ‘A thump at the door’ in A Metcalfe A Game (eds.), The riddle of regular day to day existence, Federation Press, Annandale, AU, 2002, p. 65.

Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc. Free Essays

Activity Plan: Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. Vitality Beverages Action Plan: Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. Vitality Beverages Inhoud Introduction. We will compose a custom paper test on Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc. or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now 3 Analysis. 3 The Market. 3 Competitors. 4 Customer conduct. 4 Marketing Mix 4ps. 5 Product. 5 Place. 5 Price. 5 Promotion. 5 Recommendation. 6 Target Market. 6 Product Line and Positioning. 6 Marketing. 6 Advertisements and Promotion. 6 Pricing. 7 Introduction The historical backdrop of Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. is exceptionally perplexing, yet completely began when Jean Jacob Schweppe created the world’s absolute previously carbonated mineral water in 1783. A youthful drug specialist, Charles Alderton from Waco, Texas made Dr Pepper in 1885. It was just sold in the drug store where Alderton worked. In 1970 in the New York - locale wellbeing food storekeepers developed another apple pop, Snapple. The Unadulterated Food Corporation claimed Snapple and later it becomes Snapple Beverage Corp. Inside the years organizations were developing and proprietorships have been changed and Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. has framed from various refreshment organizations. Today Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. is one of the most known and biggest non-mixed refreshment makers in the U. S. Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. is in both the seasoned carbonated and the non-carbonated soda organizations. The most realized brands are Dr Pepper, 7UP, AW and Canada Dry. In 2007 Dr Pepper Snapple had a 18, 8 % portion of the U. S. carbonated soda pop market portion. Dr Pepper Snapple was the main enormous non-mixed refreshment organization without its own caffeinated drink in 2008. Essentially Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. was battling with an issue whether it should create its own vitality refreshment or not. The primary issue was would the dispatch of another vitality drink be beneficial and a savvy speculation for what's to come? Also, by what means can the new caffeinated drink rival other gigantic brands? There are a few challenges and components to assess before entering the vitality refreshment advertise, for example, the market itself, contenders, purchaser conduct and promoting. Examination The Market The vitality drink showcase is one of the quickest developing and most imaginative portions of the present refreshment advertise. Red Bull, Monster Energy, Rockstar and many comparable situated brands had evaluated deals of 6. billion dollars in 2006. From 2001 till 2006 the yearly development pace of the vitality drink showcase was 42. 5%. Be that as it may, examiners are currently anticipating a normal yearly development pace of 10. 5% from 2007 till 2010. This, we close, is because of market development, expanded cost and expanded rivalry. What's more, one ought to likewise take n ote of that buyers in this market just pick up to 1. 4 unique brands, which reveals to us the market is extremely faithful to existing brands. In the event that a brand can construct and keep up an adequate client base, they will profit by faithful repeating purchasers. The troublesome part anyway is getting these dedicated clients. Because of the previously mentioned conditions, we think that its a reasonable explanation to depict the vitality drink advertise as gainful however extreme. The market can be divided through three principle properties; segment, geographic and psychographic. With respect to segment, the most beneficial clients are male between the age of 12 and 34. Be that as it may, we can’t state anything towards the pay level, race and ethnicity of the purchasers because of absence of data. We further accept that vitality refreshments are for the most part onsumed in urban and rural territories. In the event that we thusly take a gander at locales, we can express that the principle utilization of vitality refreshments happens along the west and east shoreline of the US. Psychographic division gives us that the principle parts of the market, the best shoppers of vitality drinks, are gamers, understudies and competitors. These ga therings of individuals search for a jolt of energy, to improve mental readiness, as refreshment and for the taste. Contenders The fundamental rival in the vitality drink advertise is Red Bull. The brand was presented in 1997 and was the pioneer of now is the right time. Red Bull has a high brand mindfulness because of its enormous promoting endeavors. For instance: Red Bull Stratosâ was aâ space divingâ project involving Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner. Baumgartner broke theâ sound barrierâ on his descent,â thus turning into the principal human to do as such with no type of motor force. 8,000,000 individuals saw the Red Bull Stratos venture live and a huge number of individuals caught wind of it by means of each sort of media making a huge exposure stream towards Red Bull. At present Red Bull is the market chief, be that as it may, because of significant expenses and the expanded rivalry Red Bull is losing piece of the overall industry and deals. Hansen Natural Corporation (HNC) is another solid contender. They produce and production a wide assortment of non-mixed refreshments in the U. S. Anyway they are known for their caffeinated drink: Monster, which we see as one of the most encouraging new caffeinated drink brands. As of late HNC have profited by conveyance understandings. For instance: Anheuser-Busch wholesalers disseminated the brand to retailers in various domains in the US in 2007. They additionally disperse to on-premise retailers. This incorporates bars, dance club and eateries in regions chose by Hansen Natural Cooperation. Besides, Monster Energy centers around a particular age gathering. They center around gamers, Extreme Sports aficionados and the hip-hip group. This empowers them an immense market, generally with the gaming network. The last conspicuous contender is Rockstar Inc. Rockstar was presented in 2001 and is dispersed by the Coca-Cola Company. Rockstar, the same Monster, concentrates its endeavors on the gaming and extraordinary games network. Starting at 2008 Rockstar holds a 14% piece of the overall industry in the US and along these lines, it must be viewed as a contender. Client conduct The substantial client of vitality drinks can be depicted as male between the ages of 12 and 34. As per insights, the normal American would devour around 4. 32 liter of caffeinated drink a month. The drinks are essentially devoured in the late evening and promptly toward the beginning of the day. Most much of the time, utilization happens at home, in the vehicle and at work/school. We can likewise express that comfort stores and general stores are the most predominant off-premises retail channel for vitality refreshments. The significant explanations behind the utilization of vitality drinks are the need of a jolt of energy, for improving mental readiness, as refreshment and for taste. As recently expressed, clients are faithful towards their image however we despite everything accept individuals will attempt another item on the off chance that it appears to be fascinating and engaging enough. On the off chance that the potential purchaser is, at that point happy with the item, through for instance intriguing brand, item meets their requirements, is easy to use and simple to get to, steadfast clients can be accomplished. Promoting Mix †The 4Ps Product The item is a caffeinated drink which tastes great and gives a lift and refreshment to its clients. The principle fixings which give the lift and taste are caffeine, guarana and taurine. Most likely stevia could be utilized as a sugar; since it varies from contenders sugars. The item ought to be appropriate for men who are 12-34 years of age. The bundle ought to be helpful, for instance a jug with a screw top since no other brand has such bundling. Likewise the size of the bundle is significant, since the 8. 3-ounze is the most well known however 16-ounze size speaks to 50 % deals in comfort stores. Spot Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. packaging and appropriation framework supplies both off-premise and on-premise retailers, however off-premise retailers are progressively potential and productive to the new vitality refreshment. Off-premise retailers contain gigantic piece of the entire vitality refreshment deals. Value 2, 00$ per single-serve bundle is the typical retail cost in the vitality drink industry paying little mind to bundle size. Advancement In request to dispatch the new vitality refreshment, starting media publicizing and advancement consumptions are basic. Despite the fact that Dr Pepper Snapple Group can’t manage the cost of a similar sort of costly advertising and game sponsorships as their rival Red Bull does, yet by utilizing effective channels the new caffeinated drink can at present arrive at potential clients. Proposal Target Market When Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. chooses to present another vitality drink available we prescribe them to concentrate on male buyers between the age of 12 and 34. These customers are, as indicated by the measurements, the most productive. They expend around 4. 32 liters of caffeinated drink a month. The fundamental customers in this objective market would be gamers, understudies and competitors. Moreover, we suggest that Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. should concentrate on buyers that devour their vitality refreshment at home. We trust it is currently extremely hard to get a fortress in on-premises as they are exceptionally steadfast towards Red Bull and Monster caffeinated drinks and accordingly encourage to concentrate on off-premises for selling the vitality refreshment. Product offering and Positioning When it comes down to the product offering of Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. nergy drinks, we suggest they should right off the bat offer one kind of vitality refreshment. This flavor can come both in a standard and without sugar form. Besides, we suggest they ought to present a solitary serve aluminum bottle shape with a resealable screw top. By presenting this jug we trust Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. can expand from its rivals as they all have aluminum jars that after opening c an’t be shut. Besides, these jugs ought to be offered as a solitary serve to the customers and with a 8-ounce content. We suggest that the brand ought to right off the bat get a fortification onto the vitality drink advertise before offering multipacks and possibly greater estimated containers to its shoppers. This additionally incorporates for presenting various types of vitality beverag

Helping Others Can Increase Happiness and Reduce Stress

Helping Others Can Increase Happiness and Reduce Stress Happiness Print Helping Others Can Increase Happiness and Reduce Stress By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on January 29, 2020 Westend61 / Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All According to an annual survey from the American Psychological Association, stress is an all-too-common experience and far too many of us feel stressed beyond our coping abilities. Between work, money issues,  family stress, and other obligations, it can be easy to feel overworked, frustrated and burned out. While you can practice stress-relieving techniques like yoga or meditation, you may find that helping others, while it can make a schedule busier, is also a powerful form of stress release that could even improve your physical health. When you focus your attention on the needs of someone else, your stress levels have been scientifically proven to go down. That helps minimize the impact of stress on your body, improving your physical wellness as well as your emotional health. Research backs this up. Impact of Stress on Health A 2015 study published in the Clinical Psychological Science journal found that relieving the impact of stress on health can be accomplished by helping others. While it was a small study, its results were eye-opening. 77 adults between the ages of 18 and 44 participated in the study. Each night, they received an automated call reminding them to complete a daily questionnaire. The questionnaire had queries about the days stressful events, such as the commute, work, and finance. It also tracked helpful behaviors and small acts of kindness and the resulting emotions. The researchers found that those who performed more daily acts of kindness were less likely to feel stressed. On days when they could not do any acts of kindness, they reported more stress and negativity. The study suggests that we can help ourselves manage stress and feel better by doing good deeds for other people. Further study will need to be done to analyze this theory, but it has promising implications for those experiencing high levels of stress. Small Acts of Kindness to Reduce Stress You dont need to be extremely wealthy or have tons of free time to get the benefits of altruism. Even small gestures, like holding the door for a stranger, had the potential to reduce stress. Here are a few simple deeds you can do to help others and potentially lower your stress levels: Pay It Forward: When youre at the drive-thru window, you can pay for the car behind you. When they get to the window, it will be a very unexpected surprise for them and requires only a small amount of money.Share With Others: Bake a cake or other dessert and bring it into the office break room for everyone to share. Your coworkers will be thrilled. Or simply bring a little extra with you when youre packing materials. Bringing extra earplugs to a concert, extra tissues during cold and flu season, or sharing whatever you can spare is a simple way to help others.Clean out the Closet: De-clutter your closet or basement and donate old clothes, toys and books to a nearby shelter. Youll help people in need of these goods while streamlining your home. Youll also be reminded of how much you have and how lucky you are to have it.Volunteer: Volunteer your skills to a local non-profit. Whether you are a photographer, web-designer or cook, non-profits are always in need of help from professionals and would appreciate the assistance. Or, you can work directly with those in need by volunteering at a homeless shelter, animal rescue or soup kitchen. If this is more of a time commitment than you have, you can always simply donate your change to charity when you go grocery shopping, or help in smaller ways like this.Share the Love:  The best things in life are free, and this applies to smiles, hugs,  and other gestures that show you care. You dont have to commit your time or money to do something kind for someone else. A simple squeeze on the shoulder can let people know youre supporting them and that you care. You dont need to do grand gestures in order to make a difference and help your health. Small acts of kindness done over time can reap large rewards for your well-being.

Toltec Empire - Semi-Mythical Legend of the Aztecs

The Toltecs and the Toltec Empire is a semi-mythical legend reported by the Aztecs that appears to have had some reality in prehispanic Mesoamerica. But the evidence for its existence as a cultural entity is conflicting and contradictory. The empire, if thats what it was (and it probably was not), has been at the heart of a long-standing debate in archaeology: where is the ancient city of Tollan, a city described by the Aztecs in oral and pictorial histories as the center of all art and wisdom? And who were the Toltecs, the legendary rulers of this glorious city? Fast Facts: Toltec Empire The Toltec Empire was a semi-mythical origin story told by the Aztecs.  Aztec oral histories described the Toltec capital Tollan as having buildings made of jade and gold.  The Toltecs were said to have invented all the arts and sciences of the Aztecs, and their leaders were the noblest and wisest of people.  Archaeologists associated Tula with Tollan, but the Aztecs were ambivalent about where the capital was.   The Aztec Myth of the Toltecs Aztec oral histories and their surviving codexes describe the Toltecs as wise, civilized, wealthy urban people  who lived in Tollan, a city filled with buildings made of jade and gold. The Toltecs, said the historians, invented all the arts and sciences of Mesoamerica, including the Mesoamerican calendar; they were led by their wise king Quetzalcoatl. For the Aztecs, the Toltec leader was the ideal ruler, a noble warrior who was learned in the history and priestly duties of Tollan and had the qualities of military and commercial leadership. The Toltec rulers led a warrior society that included a storm god (Aztec  Tlaloc or Maya  Chaac), with Quetzalcoatl at the heart of the origin myth. The Aztec leaders claimed they were descendants of the Toltec leaders, establishing a semi-divine right to rule. The Myth of Quetzalcoatl The Aztec accounts of the Toltec myth say that Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl was a wise, old humble king who taught his people to write and measure time, to work gold, jade, and feathers, to grow cotton, dye it and weave it into fabulous mantles, and to raise maize and cacao. In the 15th century, the Aztecs said he was born in the year 1 Reed (equivalent to the year 843 CE) and died 52 years later in the year 1 Reed (895 CE). He built four houses for fasting and prayer and a temple with beautiful columns carved with serpent reliefs. But his piety excited anger among the sorcerers of Tollan, who were intent on destroying his people. The sorcerers tricked Quetzalcoatl into drunken behavior that shamed him so he fled east, reaching the edge of the sea. There, dressed in divine feathers and a turquoise mask, he burned himself up and rose into the sky, becoming the morning star. Quetzalcoatl, the Toltec and Aztec god; the plumed serpent, god of the wind, learning and the priesthood, master of life, creator and civiliser, patron of every art and inventor of metallurgy (manuscript). Bridgeman Art Library / Getty Images Aztec accounts dont all agree: at least one says that Quetzalcoatl destroyed Tollan as he left, burying all the marvelous things and burning everything else. He changed the cacao trees to mesquite and sent the birds to Anahuac, another legendary land at the edge of the water. The story as recounted by Bernardino Sahagà ºn (1499–1590)—who certainly had his own agenda—says that Quetzalcoatl fashioned a raft of serpents and sailed across the sea. Sahagà ºn was a Spanish Franciscan friar, and he and other chroniclers are today believed to have created the myth associating Quetzalcoatl with the conquistador  Cortes-—but thats another story. Toltecs and Desirà ©e Charnay The site of Tula in Hidalgo state was first equated with Tollan in the archaeological sense in the late 19th century—the Aztecs were ambivalent about which set of ruins was Tollan, although Tula was certainly known to them. French expeditionary photographer Desirà ©e Charnay (1828–1915) raised money to follow the legendary journey of Quetzalcoatl from Tula eastward to the Yucatan peninsula. When he arrived at the Maya capital of Chichà ©n Itzà ¡, he noticed serpent columns and a ball court ring that reminded him of those he had seen at Tula, 800 miles (1,300 kilometers) northwest of Chichen. The ruins of the Toltec site Tula were one of the ancient archaeological sites in the Basin of Mexico that awed the arriving Mexica and inspired their growth into the Aztec Empire. Travel Ink / Getty Images Charnay had read the 16th century Aztec accounts and noted that the Toltec were thought by the Aztecs to have created civilization, and he interpreted the architectural and stylistic similarities to mean that the capital city of the Toltecs  was Tula, with Chichen Itza its remote and conquered colony; and by the 1940s, a majority of archaeologists did too. But since that time, archaeological and historical evidence has shown that to be problematic. Problems, and a Trait List There are lots of problems trying to associate Tula or any other specific set of ruins as Tollan. Tula was fairly large but it didnt have much control over its close neighbors, let alone long distances. Teotihuacan, which definitely was large enough to be reckoned an empire, was long gone by the 9th century. There are lots of places throughout Mesoamerica with linguistic references to Tula or Tollan or Tullin or Tulan: Tollan Chollolan is the full name for Cholula, for example, which has some Toltec aspects. The word seems to mean something like place of reeds. And even though the traits identified as Toltec appear at many sites along the Gulf Coast and elsewhere, there isnt much evidence for military conquest; the adoption of Toltec traits appears to have been selective, rather than imposed. Traits identified as Toltec include temples with colonnaded galleries; tablud-tablero architecture; chacmools and ball courts; relief sculptures with various versions of the mythical Quetzalcoatl jaguar-serpent-bird icon; and relief images of predatory animals and raptorial birds holding human hearts. There are also Atlantean pillars with images of men in the Toltec military outfit (also seen in chacmools): wearing pillbox helmets and butterfly-shaped pectorals and carrying atlatls. There is also a form of government that is part of the Toltec package, a council-based government rather than a centralized kingship, but where that arose is anybodys guess. Some of the Toltec traits can be traced to the Early Classic period, of 4th century AD or even earlier. Atlantean warriors, Temple of Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, archaeological site of Tula, Mexico. Toltec Civilisation. De Agostini / C. Novara / Getty Images Current Thinking It seems clear that although there is no real consensus among the archaeological community about the existence of a single Tollan or a specific Toltec Empire that can be identified, there was some sort of inter-regional flow of ideas throughout Mesoamerica that archaeologists have named Toltec. Its possible, perhaps likely, that much of that flow of ideas came about as a byproduct of the establishment of inter-regional trade networks, trade networks including such materials as obsidian and salt which were established by the 4th century CE (and probably much earlier) but really kicked into gear after the fall of Teotihuacan in 750 CE. So, the word Toltec should be removed from the word empire, certainly: and perhaps the best way to look at the concept is as a Toltec ideal, an art style, philosophy and form of government that acted as the exemplary center of all that was perfect and longed for by the Aztecs, an ideal echoed at other sites and cultures throughout Mesoamerica. Selected Sources Berdan, Frances F. Aztec Archaeology and Ethnohistory. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.  Iverson, Shannon Dugan. The Enduring Toltecs: History and Truth During the Aztec-to-Colonial Transition at Tula, Hidalgo. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 24.1 (2017): 90–116. Print.Kowalski, Jeff Karl, and Cynthia Kristan-Graham, eds. Twin Tollans: Chichà ©n Itzà ¡, Tula and the Epiclassic to Early Postclassic Mesoamerican World. Washington DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 2011.  Ringle, William M., Tomas Gallareta Negron, and George J. Bey. The Return of Quetzalcoatl: Evidence for the Spread of a World Religion During the Epiclassic Period. Ancient Mesoamerica 9 (1998): 183-–232.  Smith, Michael E. The Aztecs. 3rd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.  ---. Toltec Empire. The Encyclopedia of Empire. Ed. MacKenzie, John M. London: John Wiley Sons, Ltd., 2016.

Asimov s Short Stories Reason - 1932 Words

Roshan Mirajkar PHIL 253 Midterm Essay October 10th, 2015 Asimov’s short story â€Å"Reason† in I, Robot contains many Cartesian themes. Please interpret the short story using Descartes’ Meditations I, II, and III. Please use quotes from both texts to demonstrate your points. Does Asimov support or call into question the methods and results of Descartes’ thought experiment? Explain. Cogito ergo sum Asimov’s short story â€Å"Reason† in I, Robot is about a fictional robot character which uses reason to perceive and question its own existence. Similarly to Descartes, a robot named â€Å"QT† embarks on a philosophical journey to rid himself of any preconceived beliefs and ideas that cannot be confirmed(verified?) for certain, accepting only axiomatic principles. Although Descartes and QT live in different time periods and environments, they both challenge their current society’s belief systems and the macro view of existence itself which leads them to different conclusions about the world they exist in. Cutie goes through three phases of philosophical belief shift, each representing one three Descartes meditations. In the short story â€Å"Reason†, Asimov supports the ideas portrayed in the first three meditations explored by Descartes, through the use of themes, symbolism, and Cutie’s actions, which dawns new light on the concept of creat ion and existence. The short story begins with Cutie questioning the creation of his existence which represents Descartes first meditation. When Cutie isShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Origin of Robots1338 Words   |  6 PagesThe Origin of Robots Over the years mankind has advanced greatly in the field of technology and day by day we continue to advance. 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After restoring Numitor to the throne, the boys decided to found a city on one of the seven hills near where their basket wasfound by the wolf. This was a natural spot for a city. Accounts Livy, Not without good reason did gods and men choose this spot as the site of a city, with

Plagiarism Plagiarism And Plagiarism - 815 Words

There are many types of plagiarism, including several scenarios of inadvertent and deliberate plagiarism. This essay will discuss how plagiarism is defined, the various types of plagiarism, why plagiarism is such a serious problem, the impact of the internet on academic integrity, and how plagiarism can be avoided. It will also provide suggestions on ways to eliminate both inadvertent and deliberate plagiarism. There are several ways to define plagiarism. One such definition, according to the Regis rubric is, â€Å"theft of intellectual property†. There are several ways an individual can plagiarize work. Whether it is direct plagiarism, paraphrasing an individual’s work without acknowledging the original author, or using the majority of someone else’s work but rearranging the order and replacing words and phrases with one’s own thoughts. It is also even possible to self-plagiarizing one’s own work by reusing work previously submitted. As such, because there are several types of plagiarism, it truly goes beyond the above noted definition. Since one can resubmit previous work, this cannot be deemed stealing intellectual property. But rather should be defined as integrating published or unpublished theory, concept, or work into one’s own personal work with or without approval, whether intentional or unintentional. This definition broadens the definitio n of plagiarism by the addition of passing off one’s own previous work as original. Next we will cover why plagiarism is such anShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism And The Ethics Of Plagiarism926 Words   |  4 Pagesand parents have heard the term â€Å"plagiarism† while talking about writing essays, poems, and other works. Plagiarism is defined as â€Å"to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one s own† by Merriam-Webster dictionary. While plagiarism may be denoted as stealing one’s work without credit, a more vast and broad definition usually applies to college level work. Every college and university has their own handbook and code of conduct on what exactly â€Å"plagiarism† is defined as, and what are theRead MorePlagiarism : What Is Plagiarism?1583 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Plagiarism? Plagiarism is using someone else’s work, words, production, researches and ideas without the approval or the acknowledgment of the writer or producer, and claiming the credit for himself. Many reasons and factors are attributed for the use of plagiarism and could be cultural, historical, linguistic, environmental and educational background. Plagiarism is a form of an academic dishonesty, academic misconduct, and a digital cheating. It is declared to be an unacceptable legal actRead MorePlagiarism And The Consequences Of Plagiarism1379 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper we will cover plagiarism. We will cover a brief history of plagiarism and look at the different types of plagiarism, as well as compare and contrast the different types. We will also look at who is most prone to plagiarize and why. We will also discuss the role plagiarism plays in academia and the consequences to plagiarizing. Webster’s online Dictionary defines plagiarism as â€Å"to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one s own: use (another s production) withoutRead MorePlagiarism2189 Words   |  9 PagesPlagiarism: Why it Continues to Occur? Darian Camacho English 111, Section 11 Professor Coulter March 21, 2013 Plagiarism: Why it Continues to Occur? The increase in plagiarism has gained the attention of many institutions, administrators and educators, as well as researchers and the public. This increase has brought to attention the concern of why plagiarism continues to occur. In order to debate this concern we should first understand the definition and background of plagiarism, theRead MorePlagiarism And Academic Integrity : Plagiarism1305 Words   |  6 PagesPlagiarism is a topic that is consistently brought up in many areas of education.1 In every syllabus presented to students, there is a section that refers to plagiarism and academic integrity. Plagiarism can be defined as â€Å"the act or instance of stealing or passing off ideas or words of another as one’s own.†2 Despite this being an important piece of information; students may overlook this material and still plagiarize. In a study from the University of Toronto, 90% of senior pharmacy students admittedRead MorePlagiarism Habits Of Politicians : Plagia rism876 Words   |  4 PagesReshma Shrestha Dr. Lynn R.Brink Government 2305-71001 11th September, 2016 Plagiarism Habits of Politicians The word Plagiarism means, it is an acknowledgement that something came from other source or imitates from other s work. Plagiarism is also considered as copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit. In these articles, Evan Osnos describes plagiarism in different field and their negative impact. Mainly, our society also practiced this even they know it is notRead MorePlagiarism605 Words   |  3 PagesTitle : A theft of works among the students : Plagiarism. During the antiquity, it exists an ancient concept called plagiarism. Plagiarism is happened when a student fail to properly document and give attribution to the source of ideas and text in his work. Alongside with the commercialization of writing, the concept of copyright and the rights given to authors has developed (VAIL Faculty Administrator, 1996-2003). However, the problem of plagiarism has been increased nowadays and became a highlyRead MorePlagiarism And Politics : Plagiarism927 Words   |  4 PagesSaroj Dahal Professor Dr. Sharon Manna GOVT 2305-71005 19 Sep, 2016 Plagiarism and politics Plagiarism is an act of stealing someone else’s original ideas or thoughts (either written or oral) and copying it either exactly in a same way or remixing it, without giving credit to the owner. In today’s world, Plagiarism is omnipresent. People try to imitate others watching them in TVs, movies, and songs which tend them to plagiarize knowingly or accidentally. It can be found in almost all fields likeRead MorePlagiarism Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesI think there was far more plagiarism in the last century. It was almost an accepted part of writing. The ethics of writing has changed. Nobody gets upset about whether Shakespeare plagiarized something. But I think the standards have to be pretty high now, particularly for non-fiction writers. [1] Introduction to Plagiarism According to most leading authorities, including The Office of Research Integrity, plagiarism includes both the theft or misrepresentation of intellectual property and theRead MoreEssay on Plagiarism1301 Words   |  6 Pagescode of conduct at Clarion University plagiarism is â€Å"the use of anothers words without attribution and without enclosing the words in quotation marks. Plagiarism may also be defined as the act of taking the ideas or expressions of ideas of another person and representing them as ones own--even if the original paper has been paraphrased or otherwise modified.† (â€Å"Department of Nursing† ) A lot of people, including myself have been confused of what plagiarism really means. Through my research I found

Values of Leadership In Business Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Values of Leadership In Business. Answer: Introduction Leadership is an important element in the business because it maintains the relationship between employees and employer. The role of leaders is to guide their followers in an appropriate manner in which they make able themselves to recognize that what is wrong and what is right. It is required for the leaders to adapt the various theories and qualities to handle the workforce of the business in an efficient manner. It will reflect the self awareness of leadership in the business along with the strength and weaknesses of the values of leadership. The opportunities and barriers will be mentioned in this report. Leadership skills It has been analyzed that leadership skill must have in the leader to handle the various situations in the business. A leadership skill involves the motivation, delegation, positivity, and trustworthiness, clarity in communication, feedback and responsibility. Leaders must have the quality of good values and ethics to connect with vital situations through making the followers understand regarding bad habits such as smoking or drinking in the premises of organization should be prohibited (Adair, 2013). The activities of leaders has been observed while working, he engages with the team member and handle every situations patiently whether its supportive or non-supportive by his end. Leader should not misbehave with his employee and always support them to accomplish the task. I learned that leader has the ability to change the working environment by giving support to his followers. It will give me satisfactory resolutions. Leadership is able to encourage my motivation and productivity an d help me to attain the goal progressively (Syed, Bandara, French Stewart, 2016). Perceptions My perceptions are similar of the person with whom I share my assessment. Leadership is important tool to manage the situations of the organization. Clear communication, directions and goals should be clear of leader. Communication is the backbone of the managing the conversation of the management and leader should have the excellent communication skills so that companys vision and mission can be conveyed to the employee in clear manner (Simha, Armstrong Albert, 2012). Direction and goals must be decisive as per the person with whom I shared my assessment so that the leader of the organization will not face any issues to share the goals of the company with the followers. My perception is different because it is not possible that leaders get every step and task easy, leaders should have the skills to make the tough description into easiest manner so that all the employees get better understanding regarding the goals and objectives of the company. Leadership styles There are various leadership styles which have been followed by leaders to encourage their followers for accomplishing the target within time frame. I as a leader follow transformational leadership style that refers the involvement of other employee in the decision making. It enhances the confidence of the employee and gives them job satisfaction because it is necessary for the organization to make employee feel that they are working at safer place. It is the leadership which builds social and creative changes in the organization (Nahavandi, 2016). By using the various motivation techniques, transformational leadership is able to enhance the motivation of the employees. There are four elements of transformational leadership that is individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence (Selcer, Goodman, Decker, 2012). Due to use the style of transformational, it influences the employees effectively because I act as a coach and mentor with my followers and considers their needs and concerns on prior basis (Longenecker Fink, 2015). I give empathy and support and keep communication open to all my followers so that they could not get hesitate to share their views ad ideas. I involve intellectual stimulation in my leadership style that refers the risk and solicit followers ideas. I nurture people who have the ability to think independently. I motivate my followers ad invest my time to develop their skills. I give preference to the ethical behaviour and in case of any issues or conflicts, as per companys norms and policies I will take action against them who breaches the policy of an organization. Implementation of personal leadership plan Personal leadership plan of mine can be implemented if I focus to my strength for reducing the weaknesses of mine. I analyzed myself and found that my communication skills, positive attitude, creativity and delegation are my strength. The issues arise in the organization when the employees of the organization are unable to understand the objectives and goals of the company, I am able to convey the objectives and goals of the organization in front of them in an appropriate way and delegate the responsibilities as per their abilities. My positive attitude will enhance the productivity of the employee and make them sure that they are working at safe place, along with that positive attitude will be helpful for job satisfaction. Creativity of the leader brings the innovation in the organization and without innovation employee of the company might be got bored with their daily work and their learning skills will stop (Mabey Mayrhofer, 2015). The opportunities of this leadership plan can b e the growth of an organization as well as mine in effective manner. Good environment will bring the opportunity to make changes in the organization with new technology so that physical efforts can be reduced. Good leaders are able to see the potential risk and implement the plan in that way so that risk could not get hampered the organization. With new opportunities in the organization will be the reason of motivation for the employees and they will stay with company longer which will enhance the credibility of the organization (Chang, Chen Chiou, 2015). There are so many barriers which may cause the growth of the company. Refusing help, not asking for the right things, lack of functional and process credibility are certain barriers which may lead the organization adversely. I will not deny for help to my followers regarding organizational work and update myself about their activity and target so that time to time I will ensure and motivate them. I will implement of personal leade rship plan with good efficient manner. Conclusion It has been concluded that leadership is consider as the management tool which is necessary for the business to satisfy their employees by their job. It is the report which has been discussed the quality of leaders and leadership skills as well as the self awareness. I have learned that being a good leader is not easy but by following transformational leadership I can win the trust of employees and motivate them towards accomplish the goals. Certainly, I have weaknesses but with the help of my strength I will reduce and bring the various opportunities in the organization for not only in the favor of organization but also for the workers. References Adair, J. (2013). Develop Your Leadership Skills. Philadelhia : Kogan Page Publishers,. Chang, T. Z., Chen, S. J., Chiou, J. S. (2015). Management Leadership Behavior and Market Orientation: The Relationship and Their Effects on Organization Effectiveness and Business Performance. InMarketing, Technology and Customer Commitment in the New Economy(pp. 276-281). Springer, Cham. Day, D. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Leadership and Organizations. New York: Oxford University Press. Longenecker, C., Fink, L. S. (2015). Exceptional HR leadership rests on four foundations: Business acumen, trust, expertise and culture make up the cornerstones.Human Resource Management International Digest,23(1), 21-24. Mabey, C., Mayrhofer, W. (2015).Developing leadership: questions business schools don't ask. Sage. Nahavandi, A. (2016).The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Selcer, A., Goodman, G., Decker, P. J. (2012). Fostering Transformational Leadership in Business and Health Administration Education through Appreciative Inquiry Coaching.Business Education Innovation Journal,4(2). Simha, A., Armstrong, J. P., Albert, J. F. (2012). Who leads and who lags? A comparison of cheating attitudes and behaviors among leadership and business students.Journal of Education for Business,87(6), 316-324. Syed, R., Bandara, W., French, E., Stewart, G. (2016). The status of research on leadership in business process management: A call for action.

Stem Cell Research An issue in American Culture Essay Example

Stem Cell Research: An issue in American Culture Essay In 2004, following the death of former United States President Ronald Reagan from the degenerative Alzheimer’s disease, a campaign led by Nancy Reagan and her family was launched to persuade President Bush to alleviate the US government-imposed restrictions on stem cell research. While other countries such as Britain, Japan and Korea have embarked on, and are now engaged in stem cell research, harvesting of stem cells from embryos remains to be a debatable issue in the United States. The future of stem cell research in the American culture remains to be uncertain in that several sides and concerns are being considered foremost of which is the moral issue on the research.   Supporters of the research spearheaded by member of the scientific community and others, like the Reagan family, see the research as a means of finding ways to treat and cure human diseases. Religious groups, on the other hand, like the Roman Catholic Church and several other conservative protestant church es belong to the other side of the debate as they see stem cell research as a means of exploiting helpless lives of human embryos.What are Stem Cells?Stem cells are unspecialized type of human or animal cells that can produce mature specialized body cells such as blood cells, heart cells and brain cells, and at the same time replicate themselves (Stem Cells, 2004). Stem cells can repair or replace damaged body tissues because stem cells are less likely than other foreign cells to be rejected by the immune system when implanted in the body (Stem Cells, 2004). They are primarily categorized into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.Embryonic stem cells can be extracted from a blastocyst or a very young embryo, about four to five days old and comprised of 200 to 250 cells. Embryonic cells can develop to into any of the 220 cell types of the human body given the necessary stimuli. Otherwise, these embryonic cells continue to divide and the new cells retain the ability to develop in to any mature cell type.The abilities to replicate itself and to develop into any mature cell type make the embryonic cell a potential cure to a number of diseases and injuries.Adult stem cells can be extracted from the tissues of both adult and children without inflicting harm or death to the subject. Adult stem cells function to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues (Stem Cells, 2004).   Most researchers, however, agree that there are limited uses of adult stem cells such that unlike embryonic stem cells that can develop into any of the 220 types of cells, adult stem cells can only be used to produce some of these 220 human cells.Potentials of the Stem CellMedical researchers are interested in studying and pursuing their research on stem cell because of its potential to help improve human health including that of around 128 million Americans suffering from various diseases. While most of the studies are preliminary and privately funded, scientists believe stem cel ls have the potential to treat Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases, spinal cord injuries, heart disease, and multiple sclerosis (Stevens, 2003). Medical researchers also view stem cells as a potential in creating entire new organs for transplant and they can potentially repair or replace damaged tissues because they are less likely to be rejected by the immune system when implanted in the human body. Stem cells can also help diabetic patients and those whose hearts were damaged by a heart attack (Stevens, 2003).The ControversyControversy in stem cell research was commenced by studies conducted by James A. Thomson and his colleagues at the University of Wisconsin who isolated the first human embryonic stem cells from human embryos. The findings of the study was published in the journal Science where Thomson and his group reported that they have created self- perpetuating colonies in culture by harvesting embryonic stem cells from leftover embryos (Hall, 2006).While Thomson’s fi ndings were viewed by the scientific community as a breakthrough because of the embryonic cells’ medical potentials, controversy also surfaced because of bio- ethical and moral issues on destroying human embryos to start embryonic cell cultures. It also appears to violate the Dickey amendment signed by President Bill Clinton in 1995 which declares as illegal the use of federal money to fund stem cell researches that destroy human embryos. Thus, Thomson’s experiment commenced a controversy that has become an object of a political and moral debate. On August 9, 2001, President George W. Bush announced that the National Institutes of Health could issue federal research grants only for embryonic stem cell lines that had been created by that date. In July 19, 2006, President George W. Bush vetoed the stem cell research bill passed by the Senate and the House which aimed to increase the current number of existing stem cell lines. The debate on stem cell research therefore co ntinues because President Bush’s decisions have had efforts to meet halfway both of the demands and views of the supporters and opponents of stem cell research.The IssueThe use and extraction of adult stem cells in research do not pose much controversy because harvesting them does not harm cause harm to the subject.   The use of embryonic stem cells, however, has sparked controversies and debates, and became the primary issue in stem cell research. This is largely due to the technique used in creating them. At present, there are two methods of developing embryonic cell lines that will be used for research: isolation of stem cells directly from an embryo, which necessitates the destruction of the embryo where the stem cells are harvested; and cell nuclear transfer, also known as embryo-cloning (Stevens, 2003). Cloning, the second method employed to develop embryonic stem cells is in itself already a controversial issue.Scientists and researchers, however, prefer using embryo nic stem cells than adult stem cells because the latter is less versatile and have limited uses than embryonic stem cells. President Bush’s decision in 2001 that federal funds can be issued to fund stem cell research provided only the embryonic cell lines that were already created by that date has posed limitations on the research. This mandate restricted researchers to use the then existing 72 lines of stem cells but by May 2003, most of these lines had become useless and by mid 2006, only 22 remained and many of them were of limited usefulness because of DNA damage (Robinson 2006). Nevertheless, President Bush’s decision neither made pro-lifers happy such that the National Conference of Catholic Bishops called the President’s decision as â€Å"morally unacceptable (Brookhiser, 2003).Considering the potentials of stem cell research in medical breakthroughs and the limitations of the remaining stem cell lines, the senate and the congress approved the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act earlier in 2006. The bill was, however,   vetoed by President Bush   in July 19, 2006 contending that â€Å"the bill would support the taking of innocent human life in the hope of finding medical benefits for others†, and that it crosses a moral boundary that our decent society needs to respect† (Babington, 2006). The debate on stem cell research therefore continues with supporters led by medical researchers and policy makers; and opponents led by the Roman Catholic Church, several conservative protestant churches and pro- life groups.The Supporter’s ViewsCelebrities such as Nancy Reagan, Michael J. Fox, and the late Christopher Reeve, supported and campaigned for stem cell research because of the potential of the embryonic stem cells to treat many diseases and injuries. Some of theses diseases are cancer, diabetes, cancer,   heart disease and Alzheimers which are deadly and sometimes incurable; debilitating and often fatal autoimmu ne disorders like lupus, multiple sclerosis, and Crohns disease; and such others as are kidney disease, Parkinsons, spinal paralysis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrigs disease), and severe burns (Herold, 2003). It is contended by researchers that the potentials of stem cells may eradicate almost all cell based diseases. Stem cells can also give solution to age related diseases and can even alter the process of aging. According to Herold (2003), â€Å"when stem cell treatments become available to Americans, they could end up extending peoples life spans well beyond anything one could have dreamed possible a mere 10 years ago†.Aside from these, Herold relates that researchers believe that stem cell research will advance man’s knowledge on human biology in that it will enable scientists to understand what is going on in cells during, and after development which will have tremendous impact in the way genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, an d muscular dystrophy are treated and cured. Moreover, by observing what goes wrong at the very earliest stage of cell development through stem cell research, scientists will be able to get a genetic blueprint of a host of diseases and birth defects, then design interventions to cure them (Herold, 2003).As for the use of embryos used in stem cell research, supporters justify that these are surplus embryos that are taken with consent from in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. Surplus embryos from IVF clinics, according to supporters, are either frozen, or unpreserved. Some of frozen embryos, however,   die during the freezing or thawing process or because of equipment malfunction; and only a few survived and are adopted because of certain issues such as couples that produced these embryos do not want unrelated persons to raise their biological child. Unpreserved embryos ultimately die and clinics simply discard them. These surplus embryos in IVF Clinics now numbering to 400,000 in t he United States alone may either be thrown away or preferably, for researchers and supporter of stem cell research, used for further experiments and studies (Robinson, 2006). Supporters therefore contend that that instead of being discarded for nothing, it would be best to utilize these embryos as using them to learn more about human cells may lead to medical knowledge that can cure and even save the lives of millions of sick people worldwide.Opposition to stem cell research mainly comes from pro-lifers, conservative religious groups which includes the Roman Catholic Church and several other protestant churches. Most of those who oppose legal abortion in the United States also oppose stem cell research because both involves destroying what they claim as human life in its early stage of development. The opposition argues that deriving stem cell culture entails killing human embryos and as such, scientists and researchers who use them become guilty of murder. In the eyes of the oppos ition, all stem cell research, though legal, is illicit and immoral according to Sacred Scripture (Spees, 2002, p. 11). Heinrich Bedford-Strohm (2002), a minister and member of the World Council of Churches working group on bio-ethics contends that the reason why most Christian churches oppose research with embryos is because they â€Å"see the dignity of the human person violated when embryos are sacrificed for reasons outside themselves, as good as those reasons might be†.The techniques used in embryonic stem cell research, for them, are in conflict with ethical norms, because these techniques use early human life as a means to achieve an external end (Bedford-Strohm 2002). Similar with an issue in abortion, questions on the beginning of life have also surfaced in the stem cell research debate. Religious groups opposing stem cell research have cited several verses in the Bible in support of their claim that destroying human embryos for research is in contrast with teachings and values in the Bible. One of these verses is in the Book of Psalms 139:13 where the psalmist said: â€Å"For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mothers womb† (Psalms 139:13 New International Version).   For the opposition, God himself has created and given importance to life even in its early stage. It therefore follows that destroying this life, in the form of embryonic stem cell testing, is disrespect to God.Another issue raised by the opposition is with regards to the technique employed in stem cell research called cell nuclear transfer, also known as embryo-cloning. This is for reason that cloning, for conservative Christian groups, is a babylonic attempt to being equal with God, the ultimate Creator of life and all things on Earth. For them, man has no right to be like God by â€Å"creating† new life through cloning technology.ConclusionControversy in stem cell research emerged because medical researchers prefer using embryonic stem cell s over adult stem cell because of their versatility and many uses, and which entails destroying the embryos where these stem cells come from. Supporters of stem cell research, mostly scientists and researchers, and those who are inflicted with diseases that are deadly and remain incurable contend that the research is necessary to treat and even save those who are dying from incurable diseases and to advance man’s medical knowledge. Those who oppose the research, however, contend that the process employed in gathering stem cells for research constitutes murder because it entails destroying the embryos, and that it is a way of destroying life that God has given. They also see the technique of cell nuclear transfer employed in stem cell research as another babylonic attempt of man to be like God. These moral and religious contentions and the status quo of stem cell research in the American culture explain why the future of the research remains uncertain in the United States.

Analysis of Wants by Grace Paley

Analysis of 'Wants' by Grace Paley Wants by American writer Grace Paley (1922 - 2007) is the opening story from the authors 1974 collection, Enormous Changes at the Last Minute. It later appeared in her 1994 The Collected Stories, and it has been widely anthologized. At about 800 words, the story could be considered a work of flash fiction. You can read it for free at Biblioklept. Plot Sitting on the steps of the neighborhood library, the narrator sees her ex-husband. He follows her into the library, where she returns two Edith Wharton books she has had for eighteen years and pays the fine. As the ex-spouses discuss their different perspectives on their marriage and its failure, the narrator checks out the same two novels she has just returned. The ex-husband announces that he will probably buy a sailboat.  He tells her, I always wanted a sailboat. [†¦] But you didnt want anything. After they separate, his remark bothers her more and more. She reflects that she doesnt want things, like a sailboat, but she does want to be a particular kind of person and to have particular kinds of relationships. At the end of the story, she returns the two books to the library. Passage of Time As the narrator returns the long-overdue library books, she marvels that she doesnt understand how time passes. Her ex-husband complains that she never invited the Bertrams to dinner, and in her response to him, her sense of time collapses completely. Paley writes: Thats possible, I said. But really, if you remember: first, my father was sick that Friday, then the children were born, then I had those Tuesday-night meetings, then the war began. We didnt seem to know them anymore. Her perspective starts at the level of a single day and one small social engagement, but it quickly sweeps out to a period of years and momentous events like the births of her children and the commencement of war. When she frames it this way, keeping library books for eighteen years seems like the blink of an eye. The Wants in Wants The ex-husband gloats that he is finally getting the sailboat he always wanted, and he complains that the narrator didnt want anything. He tells her, [A]s for you, its too late. Youll always want nothing. The sting of this comment only increases after the ex-husband has left and the narrator is left to ponder it. But what she realizes is that she does want something, but the things she wants look nothing like sailboats. She says: I want, for instance, to be a different person. I want to be the woman who brings these two books back in two weeks. I want to be the effective citizen who changes the school system and addresses the Board of Estimate on the troubles of this dear urban center.  [†¦] I wanted to have been married forever to one person, my ex-husband or my present one. What she wants is largely intangible, and much of it is unattainable. But while it may be comical to wish to be a different person, there is still hope that she can develop some attributes of the different person she wishes to be. The Down Payment Once the narrator has paid her fine, she immediately regains the goodwill of the librarian. She is forgiven her past faults in exactly the same measure that her ex-husband refuses to forgive her. In short, the librarian accepts her as a different person. The narrator could, if she wanted, repeat the exact same mistake of keeping the exact same books for another eighteen years. After all, she doesnt understand how time passes. When she checks out the identical books, she appears to be repeating all her same patterns. But its also possible that shes giving herself a second chance to get things right. She may have been on her way to being a different person long before her ex-husbands issued his scathing assessment of her. She notes that this morning - the same morning she took the books back to the library - she saw that the little sycamores the city had dreamily planted a couple of years before the kids were born had come that day to the prime of their lives. She saw time passing; she decided to do something different. Returning library books is, of course, mostly symbolic. Its a bit easier than, for instance, becoming an effective citizen. But just as the ex-husband has put a down payment on the sailboat - the thing he wants - the narrators returning the library books is a down payment on becoming the sort of person she wants to be.

Debate Critiques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Debate Critiques - Essay Example For instance, the advantages of ethical obligations such as rise in market share, increase in market value, higher sales improved sales, lower employee turnover, and cost control are all explained with sufficient data obtained from previous researches. Furthermore, this presentation entices sufficient thought in the reader’s mind about possible negative impact of multinational corporations, which is also explained in this presentation. Another scoring point in Team A’s presentation is that it explains the potential negative impact of absence of ethical obligations by explaining what kind of impact multinational companies can have on the economy, country, and environment if they did not have any ethical obligations towards these entities. The main strengths of presentation by Team B include its succinctness and reader-friendly approach. This presentation highlights the most important points related to the kind of ethical obligations that multinational corporations have. Further, it highlights the ethical considerations multinational companies have kinds of impact ethical obligations can have such as employment practices, workplace conditions, environmental impact, local customs, and ethics. However, this presentation does not provide any information related to experimental evidences. Another weakness in Team B’s presentation is in its flow and presentation of information, which could have been better as it covered almost same information as Team A, but without any experimental evidence. Although information here is not irrelevant, the relevance of information presented is not established. Lack of support from experimental evidence presents this as a weaker presentation. The main strengths of Team A’s presentation include its presentation style, logic, and flow, and link to experimental evidence. Every point made in this presentation has been clearly explained and

How To Win Friends and Influence people Research Paper

How To Win Friends and Influence people - Research Paper Example He recognizes the power of the human mind that determines the sense of happiness. However, he also warns against criticism, self-centeredness and shallowness and qualifies them as destructive to any relationship. Carnegie foregrounds the negative impact of criticism in human relations because it severely affects the person’s self-esteem and puts him/her in self-defense with the feeling of being attacked. He focuses on how criticism ruins human relationships and recommends leaving it altogether if we want to maintain genuine interpersonal connections: The author informs: â€Å"Criticism is futile because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him strive to justify himself. Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a persons precious pride, hurts his sense of importance, and arouses resentment†(Carnegie 23). This violation of the person’s integrity affects their pride and creates a feeling of rejection that deteriorates the relationships between the people. Instead of criticism, Carnegie advocates a diplomat attitude deeply rooted on being positive and rejecting any form of negativity. He gives the example of this famous personality in American history:  "Benjamin Franklin, tactless in his youth, became so diplomatic, so adroit at handling people, that he was made American Ambassador to France. The secret of his success? ‘will speak ill of no man,’ he said, ‘ . . and speak all the good I know of everybody’† (Carnegie 29). This change of attitude gave Franklin the opportunity to become one of the greatest men in American history. Therefore, Carnegie associates success to a positive attitude that consists of eliminating anything negative while focusing on the good aspects of people and things. Besides, appreciation represents one of the most important concepts Carnegie recommends to use with the people around us. Getting recognition from family members, friends, employees, co-workers or any others makes people happy, elevate

Personal Development in Human Relations

Personal Development in Human Relations Robert McGregor Section I Is Human Relations (HR) an art or a science? Personally, I believe that HR is a science that must be artfully managed to utilize lessons learned and best practices for improving the well-being and effectiveness of employees within the organization. As our planet becomes interconnected, via satellites and the internet, it is now just as easy to communicate with someone across the globe as it is someone across the street. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important to gain a better understanding of the different people and different cultures that enrich our every shrinking planet. HR professionals have the very important task of gathering, training, and organizing the human assets who make the difference for an organizations success or failure. According to DeCenzo and Silhanek (2002) Human Relations is the composite of interactions that exist between people in all aspects of their personal and professional lives (p. 2). This broad and all-encompassing definition provides a general baseline for the study of HR and its guiding principles. However, it is necessary to dig deeper in order to understand the connections and relationships between the people and the organization. In doing so, it becomes possible to unlock the maximum effectiveness of both. The history of Human Relations, or Human Resources, can be traced back to England, where masons, carpenters, leather workers, and other craftspeople organized themselves into guilds They used their unity to improve their working conditions (Ivancevich, 2010, p. 5).ÂÂ   The industrial revolution brought about a significant change to the work environment and shifted the demand for the workforce. The introductions of machines in manufacturing propelled the need for workers, supervisors, and employers to build the complex new society. Time, efficiency, and productivity became the only metrics of concern in the workplace. As the population increased so did the demand for mass produced products which propelled the demand for the labor force. The people moved from rural and agricultural areas to fill jobs in the growing cities. The economic growth spurred the production requirements. As a result, in 1878, Fredrick Taylor, an engineer in Philadelphia began to study worker efficiency in an attempt to find the fastest and best way to do a job. His efforts summarized scientific management, the focus of job efficiencies (DeCenzo Shilhanek, 2002, p. 12) The manufacturing processes brought about bigger organizations which required increasing the number of workers. The workers, in turn, organized and formed unions to communicate their needs to the managers and owners for better pay, benefits, and working conditions. Ivancevich (2010) observed that in the 1920s, more firms began utilizing personnel departments to bridge the gap between management and workers. Researchers from Harvard, Elton Mayo, and Fritz Roelthisberger, started a series of experiments to research how physical working conditions affected worker productivity. Over the course of a decade, their observations led them to shift their focus to interpersonal relations among workers and management. Sundstrom et al. (2000) documented the Hawthorne studies research and found that employees needs and desires to belong to a group proved more influential than monetary incentives and good working conditions at improving employee productivity. This investigation into human factors and the work environment began human relations movement. Much like the advent of machines during the industrial revolution, todays technology pushes change to organizations and the labor force they employ.ÂÂ   The need for HR is vital now more than ever for firms that want to remain relevant in the global economy. Globalization has forced the business environment to evolve, thus strongly influencing the organizational behaviors of managers and workers of today. Laptops, iPads, and smartphones have mobilized the workplace. In addition, the immediate ability to connect has abolished the notion of managing locally. Firms now have offices around the globe and supervisors, are no longer limited to their geographic location. They must know and understand their new workforce who live in different countries, practice different religions, and come from vastly different cultures. The HR professional is key to bridging the new geographic, cultural, communication gap that now separates employer and employees. The valuable human relations information necessary to aid organizational communications both linguistically and culturally, flow is the responsibility of the HR team who must shape and develop the most valuable asset to the firm; people. Technology is forever advancing and pushing economic growth. Therefore, change will always be a part of the organizational structure. This means future workplace will be vastly different than what previous generations could have ever dreamed. Meister (2010) predicts that the next decade will usher in companies and business models that are unimaginable today, and will dramatically change how we live, work, learn, communicate and play. However, people will still be at the core of the company. HR will be needed to continue aiding in the interpersonal relationships necessary to make everything and everyone work together. Section II My coursework in Human Relations provided a solid foundation of the three primary areas of study. I found the organizational module particularly interesting and selected it as my literature area of emphasis. The organizational aspect of Human Relations provides a significant challenge to the HR professional. Large or small, simple or complex, the HR department must understand completely the company and its mission in order to recruit, train, and employ the best most efficient workforce needed. Ultimately, people make the organization and it is the job of the HR team to fit people into work an environment that will motivate them to work together harmoniously. As a field of study, there are many different facets to the organizational setting that must be considered. The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) has developed a competency model which details the knowledge requirements the HR professional needs to help meet the needs of the company (SHRM, 2016). The organizational behavior, structure, culture, strategy, diversity, and quality of life are just a few of the areas of competencies the HR team provides guidance on to the management team when they are strategically managing people as business resources. According to author Stephen Robbins (2014), the goal of studying organizational behavior is to understand and predict human behavior in organizations.ÂÂ   Several different specialties, such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology, contribute to the comprehensive literature for human behavior. While they are not as concrete as the laws of physics or chemistry, understanding these disciplines allow the HR professional to generalize about human behavior and how it will impact the organization. The organizational structure is identified by Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskission (2015) as the formal reporting relationships, procedures, controls, authority, and decision-making process. The U.S. military has a very ridged and formal chain of command organizational structure; however, human behavior still drives the culture and customs. If change is to be made within the organization, it must begin with the people. HR is one of the central vehicles for creating culture change (Grundy and Brown, 2003, p. 171). Many organizations focus on changing the organizations culture in order to improve performance and becoming more competitive in the marketplace. This is best accomplished by aligning the HR strategy with the organizations overall strategy for the business culture. Edgar Schein (2010) defines culture as A pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, which has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. An organization determined to change their current culture will often release a large number of employees such as CSX laying off 1000 managers or Hershey terminating 2000 employees (Utermohlen, 2017, Wattles, 2017) These drastic changes should be made with the HR team in full understanding of the personnel requirements desired for moving forward. They must get the people part right; then the strategy and execution will happen. A diversity strategy is another important consideration for todays global organizations. As companies branch out into new developing countries, it is important to consider the idea of differentiation and integrations. Morgan (2006) refers to this as requisite variety; the internal regulatory mechanisms of a system must be as diverse as the environment in which it operates (p. 44). Basically, the employees of a multinational company should reflect the suppliers with whom they work and customers whose business they wish to attract. Humphrey and Stokes (2000) predicts that twenty-first-century caliber supervisors must understand the purpose of building a dynamic team is to enhance performance and to grow a successful organization of the future. Diversity is a complex and challenging strategy for the HR leader to manage. Some of the employees within the company will be unwilling to see the need to integrate as well as to see the discriminatory nature of their actions. HR must be proactive in protecting the organization from individuals who fail to understand Federal Employment Laws and potentially jeopardizing the company with potential litigation. Employers must be careful when they treat similarly situated employees differently because discriminatory intent can be proven by either direct or circumstantial evident (Muller, 2013, p. 152). Legal ramifications due to discriminatory practices can destroy an organization. The HR professional should be proactive in training all staff members on the importance of diversity, acceptance, and inclusion as well as the dangers of discrimination. Organizations often depend on human resource professionals to help maintain positive relations with employee (Noe et al., 2016, p. 10). I believe the art of human relations management relies on the knowledge, experience, and competence of the HR team and it is a major function of what makes a business work. A stable and appealing workplace with a content workforce are more likely to attract and retain the best employees, maintain loyal customers and adjust to the ever-changing marketplace. These concepts were very apparent in the organization I was fortunate to work for during my internship. The personnel were very well trained, the work environment provided a comfortable place to work with challenging tasks that made a difference on the world stage. The communication both up and down the chain was clear and effective without being condescending or overbearing. Workers were allowed to have meaningful input on assignments and feedback from supervisors was timely and on target. The training and skills I learned both through my classroom literature and my internship experience, prepared me very well for the international relations challenges that I will discuss in the next section. The HR professional must be prepared to utilize a wide array of skills, techniques, and competencies to meet the organizations needs for a stable work environment. They should also continually add to their toolbox by remaining current in new trends in the human relations field. However, they can never forget at the end of the day, it is all about the people. The human talent that makes the company great.ÂÂ   Authors Sartain and Finney (2003) noted that companies depend more than ever on the unique contributions, passion, commitment, and heart of every single individual within them (p. 104). I am excited about the HR community and its future. Section III This country recently completed a presidential election that will have social repercussions for years to come. The shift in our new government is having a tremendous social impact, both domestically and abroad. It reverberates around the globe as so-called enemies and allies work to determine exactly how to reestablish their relationship with America. During my internship, I experienced first-hand Americas political and social interactions with many other nations; learning how critical the human element is to the negotiation and agreement on issues important to the national security of our country and its allies. Understanding and relating social theory to actual social practice is critical when working with the delicate intricacies of human relationships in a highly charged political environment. This is perfectly illustrated by the situation faced by former National Security Advisor Mike Flynn. He ultimately resigned because he allegedly overstepped in his discussions Russian leaders, and his behavior potentially violated the Logan Act (Miller Rucker, 2017). This will be discussed later. Over my 26-year military career, I have held a wide range of positions; from Dental Assistant to Helicopter Pilot. However, my brief internship in the Foreign Affairs Office for the Commander of Naval Forces Europe has had a profound impact on my understanding of human relations. In my primary function as a pilot, I naturally held leadership positions that correlated with the rank that I held. My aviation units did not have HR departments to hire, train, and help manage workers. As leaders, we simply did it all. I grew accustomed to taking care of my people and for the most part always giving orders. When a new person reported on board, I reviewed their records and arranged for the training they needed. If they had pay or benefits problems, I sent them to our administrative department to get them fixed. All basic HR functions were handled in-house. Although we had general leadership training, we did not have formal training in human social relations. I gave orders and they were obeyed, if not then the offender was disciplined. Sounds a little draconian, but military units are focused on accomplishing a mission that often puts lives in danger, not for sensitivity groups wanting to get in touch with our feelings. So I grew accustomed to dealing with people in a certain way. This mentality would rapidly change as my internship progressed. Lacking a formal HR department, I chose to do my internship with the local Foreign Affairs Office. The Foreign Affairs Officer (FAO) is a specific career path in the U.S. Navy. The officers are specially trained to for a variety of diplomatic assignments around the world. Navy FAOs maintain knowledge of political-military affairs; familiarity with the political, cultural, social, economic, and geographic factors of the countries and regions in which they are stationed; and proficiency in one or more of the dominant languages in their regions of expertise. (Navy Personnel Command, 2017) These skills I would have to learn through on the job training. The function of the FAO office in Europe is to plan and execute operations, provide liaison with foreign militaries operating in coalitions with U.S. forces, conduct political-social-military activities, and execute military-diplomatic missions. This is known as Theater Security Cooperation. I was assigned to help in the Black Sea department of the FAO office during a unique time. Russia had recently annexed the Crimean Peninsula by force from the Ukraine. Many of our NATO allies were deeply concerned that President Putin would not stop there and continue to push his forces into other neighboring nations and eventually occupy the entire Black Sea region (Treisman, 2016). The FAO office was tasked with coordinating meetings and activities to reassure our allies of Americas commitment and support to NATO. In the beginning, my role was to coordinate simple maritime interactions with Turkey, Bulgaria, and Romania. I learned to work with our embassies in those countries to set up port visits by U.S. ships. Having our troops in their cities was a big boost of confidence to our partner nations. I also organized Passing Exercises (PASSEXs), these are maneuvering drills that the ships do together to render honors to each other as they pass. This seemingly simple activity required considerable coordination as numerous messages must be sent back and forth from our commanders to our embassy over to their embassy to their commanders. However, these engagements provide a sense of comradery. In my opinion, it is reflective of the findings from the Hawthorne studies mentioned in earlier which show the strong intrinsic desire for human beings to belong to a group. We continued to plan activities to reassure our allies. I took on the daunting task of arranging and organizing a Secretary of the Defense to visit Constanta, Romania. Another task that sounds simple, however, requires a tremendous amount of preparatory work to execute smoothly. The diplomatic coordination required was astounding to me. Especially in light of the recent Russian and Ukraine hostilities. The detailed attention to social protocols and customs were particularly challenging. The visit extremely well, projecting the desired effect of NATO unity. However, I was admonished by my supervisor for failing to delegate. Due to the sensitive nature of the information, all the details were reviewed by the senior officers before approval. Trying to do everything myself, and lacking formal diplomatic training, I happen to miss a few necessary items that could have impacted the trip. Fortunately, my supervisor caught my errors before they became an issue. Official diplomatic negotiations were another aspect of the FAO liaison duties I was able to observe. The United States and Romania agreed to build a U.S. military installation in Romania. The specific details required for construction had to be discussed at length in very formal diplomatic meetings. I was fortunate to attend two of these meetings. The process is long and drawn out with extensive cultural activities that must be considered and observed. Our European hosts enjoyed visiting and drinking coffee before a meeting started. It would be offensive if we did not partake in this ritual before getting down to business. This was a big part of the social theories that I had to put into practice. It was interesting that while a lot was said during the official meeting, the real agreements were worked out during the breaks when counterparts could talk offline and come to an understanding. However, as Mike Flynn learned, you have to be very careful what you discuss during these moments. The Logan Act basically forbids any citizen of the United States, from promising or influencing any foreign government or agent thereof, any disputes or controversies without proper authority (Legal Information Institute, 2017). Our partners always want more than we are able to give and it is imperative that we refute them without insulting them. Communicating skills are vital for building successful professional relationships. My final major event was planning, directing, and executing all aspects of the Eurasian Partnership Dive exercise (EP Dive).ÂÂ   EP Dive is a multilateral interoperability event, involving over 30 Officers and Sailors from Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Romania, and Ukraine. The goal is to promote Theater Security Cooperation as well as increased maritime stability within the Black Sea Countries. This exercise demanded all of my leadership, communication, and human relations skills without being in a combat environment. I led a team of 4 junior officers. We obtained approval and funding, then planned the facility, the equipment, the translators, and the rooms. We enabled over 30 divers from different countries, with different languages, and different cultures, to conduct coordinated, military, deep sea dive exercises for a week without incident or injury. The EP Dive engagement exemplified the purpose of the Foreign Affairs Office; to build cooperation and interoperability while enhancing theater security. This is done by engaging the human element in the spirit of friendship and not battle. As an organization, the FAO office faces many challenges, however, through creative use of human relations skills, they work to resolve issues in the European community. Cooperating with diverse international staffs, U.S. Embassies, and U.S. State Department personnel, the organization meets the ever changing demands of our partner nations. It is difficult to be critical of this organization as I was completely impressed the FAO department. They are well suited to meet the needs of the international community with whom they work. The staff is exemplary, and they are managed and trained very well in the art and science of human relations.ÂÂ   It was a pleasure getting to know some of the smartest people I have ever met. I was immediately accepted as part of the team even though I lacked their formal training and language skills. My supervisor provided solid guidance while still allowing me to learn and operate independently. The demands of the job are never ending as the political climates around Europe change almost day to day. They must continually adapt to fluctuating needs of the partner nations. Therefore, my only recommendation would be for more exceptional personnel to help relieve the stress. Otherwise, they are successful at accomplishing a difficult mission. I truly enjoyed learning by doing. I made my fair share of mistakes, but I learned from them. Fortunately, the lessons I learned in Grad Studies, the techniques acquired in Stress Management, and the understanding I gained in Organizational behavior helped me adjust quickly to the international relations community. I interacted well with foreign counterparts and gained a breadth of experience in relating to a diverse community. I did not cause an international incident, so I would say this internship was a very successful venture. I can now see myself potentially working for the State Department in the future by using the human relations skills that I have learned in this program to make difference help our allies. The European Foreign Affairs Office for Commander of Naval Europe is an organization I would be happy to work for again and one that I would highly recommend as an internship opportunity to future Oklahoma University HR students. REFERENCES DeCenzo, D., Silhanek, B. (2002). Human Relations: Personal and Professional Development (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Grundy, T., Brown, L. (2003) Value-based Human Resource Strategy. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Hitt, M., Ireland, R., Hoskisson, R. (2015). Strategic Management: Competitive and Globalization Concepts. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Humphrey, B., Stokes, J. (2000). 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